ИТ - определения
В документите на ИТ библиотеката ITIL се дават следните определения за ИТ:
- ИТ системи, приложения и инфраструктура са компоненти или модули от по-голям продукт. Те са част от процес или услуга;
- ИТ е организационна единица със специфичните си възможности и ресурси. Може да бъде от различен тип, като бизнес функции, общ обслужващ елемент, част от основата на фирмата;
- ИТ е категория от услугите, които се използват от бизнеса, напр. типичните ИТ приложения;
- ИТ като важно звено от активите на компанията и носи съответните доходи
Предлагам ви част от оригиналния текст:
- Information technology (IT) is a commonly used term that changes meaning with context (Table 1.1). From the first perspective, IT systems, applications and infrastructure are components or sub-assemblies of a larger product. They enable or are embedded in processes and services.
- From the second perspective, IT is an organization with its own set of capabilities and resources. IT organizations can be of various types such as business functions, shared services units, and enterprise-level core units.
- From the third perspective, IT is a category of services utilized by business. These services are typically IT applications and infrastructure that are packaged and offered as services by internal IT organizations or external service providers. IT costs are treated as business expenses.
- From the fourth perspective, IT is a category of business assets that provide a stream of benefits for their owners, including but not limited to revenue, income and profit. IT costs are treated as investments. It is important to be clear what the term means in a given context. It is often used with different meanings in the same sentence or paragraph, often exacerbating problems.
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| View | Visualization | Vernacular |
| IT/Component | Components of systems and processes | ‘Our billing system is IT-enabled.’
‘We use IT to improve interactions with our customers through self-service terminals at key locations.’ ‘IT touches every part of our business. Without appropriate controls, that in itself is a risk.’ |
| IT/Organization | Internal unit or function of the enterprise or commercial service provider | ‘Our IT is headed by a CIO with tremendous experience in the transportation business.’
‘Our heavily centralized IT suits our business model which more than anything requires stability and Contract Portfolio over business operations.’ ‘IT does not understand the language of our business. Much is lost in translation.’ |
| IT/Service | Type of shared service utilized by business units | ‘I haven’t been able to access the internet since yesterday. When do you expect the service to be restored?’
‘Our remote-access service is very secure but it is also very difficult to set up and use.’ ‘We decided not to build our own enterprise applications for administrative functions. We are better off utilizing IT Services provided to us under a commercial contract.’ |
| IT/Asset | Capabilities and resources that provide a dependable stream of benefits | ‘IT is at the core of our business process. We use IT to create value for our customers. It is part of our core production process.’
‘Our IT investments are like Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). They are direct costs, not overheads.’ ‘IT is our business.’ |
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Table 1.1 The multiple views of IT